äžçäžã®å®¶åºãè·å Žãå°å瀟äŒã«ãããé²ç«å®å šãšäºé²ã®ããã®å æ¬çã¬ã€ããå¿ é ç¥èããã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ãç·æ¥æå¯Ÿå¿æé ãç¶²çŸ ããŸãã
ç«çœå®å šãšäºé²ã®çè§£ïŒäžçå ±éã¬ã€ã
ç«çœå®å šã¯ãå人ãå®¶æãäŒæ¥ããããŠå°å瀟äŒã«åœ±é¿ãäžãããäžçå ±éã®éèŠãªèª²é¡ã§ããç«çœã®åå ãæ·±å»åºŠã¯æ§ã ã§ãããç«çœå®å šãšäºé²ã®åºæ¬ãçè§£ããããšã§ãç«çœã«é¢é£ããè² å·ãæ»äº¡ãç©æã®ãªã¹ã¯ãå€§å¹ ã«æžããããšãã§ããŸãããã®ã¬ã€ãã¯ãäžçäžã®å®¶åºãè·å Žãå ¬å ±ã¹ããŒã¹ã«ãããç«çœå®å šã®ååããã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ãç·æ¥æå¯Ÿå¿æé ã®å æ¬çãªæŠèŠãæäŸããŸãã
ç«çœå®å šã®éèŠæ§
ç«çœã¯çåœãšè²¡ç£ã«é倧ãªè åšããããããŸããç«çœã®åœ±é¿ã¯ã軜埮ãªäžäŸ¿ãã壿» çãªæå€±ãŸã§å€å²ã«ããããŸãã广çãªç«çœå®å šå¯Ÿçã¯ã以äžã®ç®çã®ããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãïŒ
- 人åœã®ä¿è·ïŒå®¶åºãè·å Žãå ¬å ±ã®å Žã«ããå人ã®å®å šãšå¹žçŠã確ä¿ããã
- è² å·ã®é²æ¢ïŒç«å·ãç ã®åžåŒããã®ä»ã®ç«çœé¢é£ã®è² å·ã®ãªã¹ã¯ãäœæžããã
- ç©æã®æå°åïŒç«çœã®å»¶çŒãé²ãããŸãã¯æå¶ããæ§é çãªæå·ãè³ç£ã®æå€±ãæžããã
- äºæ¥ç¶ç¶æ§ã®ç¶æïŒç«çœã«ããäºæ¥ã®äžæããäŒæ¥ãå®ããäºæ¥ã®ç¶ç¶ã確å®ã«ããã
- ç°å¢ã®ä¿è·ïŒå€§æ°æ±æãæ°Žè³ªæ±æãªã©ãå¶åŸ¡äžèœãªç«çœã«ããç°å¢ãžã®ãã¡ãŒãžãé²ãã
ççŒã®äžèŠçŽ ã®çè§£
ççŒã®äžèŠçŽ ã¯ãç«çœãçºçããæç¶ããããã«å¿ èŠãª3ã€ã®å¿ é èŠçŽ ã瀺ããŠããŸãïŒ
- å¯çç©ïŒæšæãçŽãåžãå¯çæ§ã®æ¶²äœãã¬ã¹ãªã©ãçããå¯èœæ§ã®ããããããç©è³ªã
- ç±æºïŒè£žç«ãç«è±ã黿°çæ éãååŠåå¿ãªã©ã®çç«æºã
- é žçŽ ïŒççŒãæ¯ããé žåå€ã§ãéåžžã¯ç©ºæ°ã
ãããã®èŠçŽ ã®ãããã1ã€ãåãé€ãããšã§ãç«çœãäºé²ããããæ¶ç«ãããããããšãã§ããŸããç«çœå®å šå¯Ÿçã¯ããã°ãã°ãããã®èŠçŽ ãå¶åŸ¡ãŸãã¯æé€ããããšã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãŠããŸãã
äžè¬çãªç«çœåå
äžè¬çãªç«çœåå ãçè§£ããããšã¯ãç«çœãäºé²ããããã®ç¬¬äžæ©ã§ããæãé »ç¹ã«çºçããåå ã«ã¯ã以äžã®ãããªãã®ããããŸãïŒ
- 調çäžã®äºæ ïŒæŸçœ®ããã調çãæ²¹ç«çœãäžå ·åã®ãã調çåšå ·ã¯ãäœå® ç«çœã®äž»ãªåå ã§ãã
- 黿°çæ éïŒæ¬ é¥ã®ããé ç·ãéè² è·ã®åè·¯ãæ éããé»å補åãç«çœãåŒãèµ·ããããšããããŸãã
- ææ¿åšå ·ïŒæ éããææ¿çãã¹ããŒã¹ããŒã¿ãŒãæçãè¿ãã®å¯çç©ã«åŒç«ããããšããããŸãã
- å«ç ç©ïŒäžæ³šæã«æšãŠãããã¿ãã³ãèå·»ãããããç«çœãåŒãèµ·ããããšããããŸãã
- æŸç«ïŒæå³çãªç«çœã®çºçã§ãããã¯é倧ãªç¯çœªã§ãã
- å¯çæ§ã®æ¶²äœããã³ã¬ã¹ïŒã¬ãœãªã³ããããã³ã溶å€ãªã©ã®å¯çæ§ç©è³ªã®äžé©åãªä¿ç®¡ãšåãæ±ãã
- èªç¶åå ïŒèœé·ãå±±ç«äºãèªç¶çºç«ãç«çœã®åå ãšãªãããšããããŸãã
å®¶åºã«ãããç«çœå®å š
å®¶åºã¯ã»ãšãã©ã®äººãå€ãã®æéãéããå Žæã§ãããå®¶åºã§ã®ç«çœå®å šã¯æåªå äºé ã§ãã以äžã«ãå®¶åºã§äžå¯æ¬ ãªç«çœå®å šå¯Ÿçãããã€ã玹ä»ããŸãïŒ
ç æç¥åš
ç æç¥åšã®èšçœ®ãšç¶æç®¡çïŒç æç¥åšã¯ç«çœã®æ©æçºèŠã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããå®¶ã®åéãå¯å®€ã®äžãããã³ç¡ç ãšãªã¢ã®å€ã«ç æç¥åšãèšçœ®ããŠãã ãããæã«äžåºŠãã¹ãããå°ãªããšã幎ã«äžåºŠã¯é»æ± ã亀æããŠãã ããïŒãŸãã¯è£œé å ã®æšå¥šã«åŸã£ãŠãã ããïŒãå©äŸ¿æ§ãé«ããããã«ã10幎é黿± 亀æäžèŠã®å¯éå黿± ãåããç æç¥åšã®äœ¿çšãæ€èšããŠãã ããã
äŸïŒæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãæ³ä»€ã«ãããã¹ãŠã®äœå® ã«ç æç¥åšã®èšçœ®ã矩åä»ããããŠããããããç«çœã®æ©æçºèŠçã®åäžã«è²¢ç®ããŠããŸãã
æ¶ç«åš
æ¶ç«åšãããã«äœ¿ããå Žæã«ä¿ç®¡ããïŒå®¶ã®åéãç¹ã«ãããã³ãšã¬ã¬ãŒãžã«å°ãªããšã1æ¬ã®æ¶ç«åšãããã«å©çšã§ããããã«ããŠãããŸããããP.A.S.S.æ³ïŒãã³ãæããçããå®ãããæ¡ããæãïŒã䜿ã£ãŠæ£ãã䜿çšããæ¹æ³ãåŠã³ãŸãããã
P.A.S.S.æ³ïŒ
- Pull the pin (ãã³ãæã)
- Aim at the base of the fire (ç«å ã«åãã)
- Squeeze the lever (ã¬ããŒãæ¡ã)
- Sweep from side to side (å·Šå³ã«æã)
調çäžã®å®å š
å®å šãªèª¿çç¿æ £ãå®è·µããïŒèª¿çäžã¯çµ¶å¯Ÿã«ãã®å Žãé¢ããªãã§ãã ãããã³ã³ãããªãŒãã³ã®åšãã«å¯çç©ã眮ããªãã§ãã ãããæ²¹ç«çœãé²ãããã«ãæ²¹æ±ãã¯å®æçã«æé€ããŠãã ãããæ²¹ç«çœãçºçããå Žåã¯ãèãéæ¹ã§ç«ãèŠããçµ¶å¯Ÿã«æ°Žããããªãã§ãã ããã
äŸïŒæ²¹ã䜿ã£ã調çãäžè¬çãªæ±åã¢ãžã¢ã®å€ãã®å°åã§ã¯ãç«çœå®å šãã£ã³ããŒã³ã§èª¿çäžã«ãã®å Žãé¢ããªãããšã®éèŠæ§ã匷調ãããŠããŸãã
黿°å®å š
黿°ã®å®å šã確ä¿ããïŒé»æ°ã³ãŒããé»å補åã«æå·ããªãã確èªããŠãã ãããã³ã³ã»ã³ããå»¶é·ã³ãŒãã®éè² è·ãé¿ããŠãã ããããµãŒãžãããã¯ã¿ãŒã䜿çšããŠãé»åæ©åšãé»åãµãŒãžããä¿è·ããŠãã ããã宿çã«æè³æ Œã®é»æ°æåž«ã«é»æ°ç³»çµ±ãç¹æ€ããŠããããŸãããã
ææ¿ã®å®å š
ææ¿åšå ·ãä¿å®ããïŒææ¿çãæçãç çªã¯æ¯å¹Žç¹æ€ã»æž æããŠããã£ãŠãã ãããææ¿åšå ·ã®åšãã«å¯çç©ã眮ããªãã§ãã ãããæçãèªã¹ããŒãã§ç«ãããããã匷ãããããããã«ãå¯çæ§ã®æ¶²äœã䜿çšããªãã§ãã ããã
é¿é£èšç»
é¿é£èšç»ãç«ãŠãïŒåéšå±ããå°ãªããšã2ã€ã®é¿é£çµè·¯ãå«ããèªå® ã®é¿é£èšç»ãäœæããŠãã ããããã¹ãŠã®å®¶æãšå®æçã«èšç»ãç·Žç¿ããå®¶ã®å€ã«éåå Žæãæå®ããŠãã ããã
äŸïŒäžéšã®åœã§ã¯ãåŠæ ¡ãã³ãã¥ããã£ã»ã³ã¿ãŒã宿çã«é¿é£èšç·Žã宿œãã人ã ã«é¿é£æé ãæè²ããŠããŸãã
ãã®ä»ã®å®¶åºã§ã®ç«çœå®å šã®ãã³ã
- å¯çæ§ã®æ¶²äœã¯æ¿èªããã容åšã«å ¥ããç±æºããé¢ããå®å šãªå Žæã«ä¿ç®¡ããŠãã ããã
- ããããã©ã€ã¿ãŒã¯åäŸã®æã®å±ããªããšããã«ä¿ç®¡ããŠãã ããã
- ãããã§ã®å«ç ã¯çµ¶å¯Ÿã«ããªãã§ãã ããã
- äžé žåççŽ äžæ¯ãã身ãå®ãããã«ãäžé žåççŽ æ€ç¥åšãèšçœ®ããŠãã ããã
è·å Žã«ãããç«çœå®å š
è·å Žã®ç«çœå®å šã¯ãåŸæ¥å¡ã顧客ãããã³äºæ¥è³ç£ãä¿è·ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããéçšäž»ã¯ãå®å šãªåŽåç°å¢ãæäŸãã广çãªç«çœå®å šå¯Ÿçã宿œãã責任ããããŸãã以äžã¯ãè·å Žã®ç«çœå®å šã«é¢ããããã€ãã®éèŠãªèæ ®äºé ã§ãïŒ
ç«çœäºé²èšç»
ç«çœäºé²èšç»ãäœæããïŒç«çœã®å±éºæ§ãäºé²æªçœ®ãç·æ¥æå¯Ÿå¿æé ãããã³åŸæ¥å¡ã®èšç·ŽèŠä»¶ãæŠèª¬ããå æ¬çãªç«çœäºé²èšç»ãäœæããŠãã ãããèšç»ã¯å®æçã«èŠçŽããæŽæ°ããŠãã ããã
ç«çœæ€ç¥ããã³æ¶ç«ã·ã¹ãã
ç«çœæ€ç¥ããã³æ¶ç«ã·ã¹ãã ãèšçœ®ã»ç¶æããïŒè·å Žã«ç æç¥åšãç±æç¥åšãç«çœèŠå ±åšãªã©ã®é©åãªç«çœæ€ç¥ã·ã¹ãã ãèšçœ®ããŠãã ãããã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ãæ¶ç«åšãªã©ã®æ¶ç«ã·ã¹ãã ãèšçœ®ãããããã宿çã«ç¹æ€ã»ç¶æãããŠããããšã確èªããŠãã ããã
ç·æ¥é¿é£èšç»
ç·æ¥é¿é£èšç»ã確ç«ããïŒé¿é£çµè·¯ãéåå Žæãããã³é害ãæã€åäººãæ¯æŽããæé ãå«ã詳现ãªç·æ¥é¿é£èšç»ãäœæããŠãã ãããåŸæ¥å¡ãèšç»ã«æ £ããããã«ã宿çã«é¿é£èšç·Žã宿œããŠãã ããã
äŸïŒå€ãã®åœã§ã¯ãè·å Žã§ã®å®æçãªé¿é£èšç·Žã矩åä»ããããŠããããããã®èšç·Žã®é »åºŠãšç¯å²ãæŠèª¬ããç¹å®ã®èŠåããããŸãã
åŸæ¥å¡ç ä¿®
åŸæ¥å¡ç ä¿®ãæäŸããïŒç«çœã®äºé²æ¹æ³ãæ¶ç«åšã®äœ¿ç𿹿³ãå®å šãªå»ºç©ããã®é¿é£æ¹æ³ãªã©ãç«çœå®å šæé ã«ã€ããŠåŸæ¥å¡ãèšç·ŽããŠãã ãããç¥èãšã¹ãã«ãå®çãããããã«ã宿çã«åç ä¿®ãæäŸããŠãã ããã
å±éºç©ç®¡ç
å±éºç©ãå®å šã«ç®¡çããïŒå¯çæ§ããã³åŒç«æ§ã®ç©è³ªã¯ãå®å šèŠåã«åŸã£ãŠä¿ç®¡ã»åãæ±ããããŠãã ãããå±éºç©ã䜿çšãŸãã¯ä¿ç®¡ãããŠããå Žæã§ã¯ãååãªææ°ãšé²ç«å¯Ÿçãè¬ããŠãã ããã
黿°å®å š
黿°ã®å®å šã確ä¿ããïŒæœåšçãªå±éºãç¹å®ãä¿®æ£ããããã«ã宿çãªé»æ°æ€æ»ã宿œããŠãã ããã黿°æ©åšãé©åã«æ¥å°ãããç¶æãããŠããããšã確èªããŠãã ããããµãŒãžãããã¯ã¿ãŒã䜿çšããŠãé»åæ©åšãé»åãµãŒãžããä¿è·ããŠãã ããã
æŽçæŽé
è¯å¥œãªæŽçæŽé ãç¶æããïŒäœæ¥ãšãªã¢ãæž æœã«ä¿ã¡ãæ£ããããªãããã«ããŠãã ãããå¯çæ§ã®å»æ£ç©ã¯å®æçã«åŠåããŠãã ãããéåžžå£ãã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã«ãŒããæç¢ºã§ãé害ç©ããªãããšã確èªããŠãã ããã
å ¬å ±ã¹ããŒã¹ã«ãããç«çœå®å š
åŠæ ¡ãç é¢ãã·ã§ããã³ã°ã¢ãŒã«ã嚯楜æœèšãªã©ã®å ¬å ±ã¹ããŒã¹ã§ã®ç«çœå®å šã¯ã倿°ã®äººã ãä¿è·ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã建ç©ã®ææè ããã³ç®¡çè ã¯ãå æ¬çãªç«çœå®å šå¯Ÿçã宿œããç«çœå®å šèŠå¶ãéµå®ãã責任ããããŸãã
建ç¯åºæºæ³ããã³èŠå¶
建ç¯åºæºæ³ããã³èŠå¶ãéµå®ããïŒé©çšããããã¹ãŠã®å»ºç¯åºæºæ³ããã³ç«çœå®å šèŠå¶ãéµå®ããŠãã ããã建ç©ãèç«ææãé²ç«æãã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ãªã©ã®é©åãªé²ç«ã·ã¹ãã ãåããŠããããšã確èªããŠãã ããã
äŸïŒåœé建ç¯åºæºïŒIBCïŒã¯ãé²ç«ãå«ã建ç©ã®å®å šæ§ã«é¢ããã¢ãã«ã³ãŒããšããŠå€ãã®åœã§åºã䜿çšãããŠããŸãã
ç«çœå®å 𿀿»
宿çãªç«çœå®å 𿀿»ã宿œããïŒæè³æ Œã®å°éå®¶ã«ãã宿çãªç«çœå®å 𿀿»ãèšç»ããæœåšçãªå±éºãç¹å®ããŠå¯ŸåŠããŠãã ãããæ¬ é¥ã¯éããã«ä¿®æ£ããŠãã ããã
éåžžç §æãšæšè
éåžžç §æãšæšèãæäŸããïŒç«çœæã«äººã ãå®å šãªå Žæãžå°ãããã«ã建ç©ã«ååãªéåžžç §æãšåºå£æšèãèšçœ®ãããŠããããšã確èªããŠãã ãããéåžžç §æã·ã¹ãã ã宿çã«ãã¹ãããç¶æããŠãã ããã
é¿é£èšç·Ž
é¿é£èšç·Žã宿œããïŒå»ºç©ã®å©çšè ãé¿é£æé ã«æ £ããããã«ã宿çã«é¿é£èšç·Žã宿œããŠãã ãããèšç·Žã®å¹æãè©äŸ¡ããå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠèª¿æŽããŠãã ããã
åžæ°ãžã®åçºæŽ»å
åžæ°ã®æèåäžãä¿é²ããïŒåçºãã£ã³ããŒã³ãã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããæ å ±è³æãéããŠãç«çœå®å šã«ã€ããŠäžè¬ã®äººã ãæè²ããŠãã ãããå人ãç«çœå®å šã«å¯ŸããŠå人çãªè²¬ä»»ãè² ãããšã奚å±ããŠãã ããã
æ¶ç«åšã广çã«äœ¿çšãã
æ¶ç«åšã®äœ¿ãæ¹ãç¥ã£ãŠããããšã¯ãéèŠãªã©ã€ãã¹ãã«ã§ããæ¶ç«åšã¯ãæ¶ç«ããããã«èšèšãããç«çœã®çš®é¡ã«ãã£ãŠåé¡ãããŸããäž»ãªæ¶ç«åšã®çš®é¡ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãïŒ
- Açš®ïŒæšæãçŽãåžãªã©ã®æ®éã®å¯çç©çšã
- Bçš®ïŒã¬ãœãªã³ãæ²¹ãã°ãªãŒã¹ãªã©ã®åŒç«æ§æ¶²äœçšã
- Cçš®ïŒéé»äžã®æ©åšãé¢äžãã黿°ç«çœçšã
- Dçš®ïŒãã°ãã·ãŠã ããã¿ã³ãªã©ã®å¯çæ§éå±çšã
- Kçš®ïŒæ¥åçšåšæ¿ã®é£çšæ²¹ãèèªçšã
ã»ãšãã©ã®å€ç®çæ¶ç«åšã¯ãAãBãCçš®ã®ç«çœã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠããŸãã
æ¶ç«åšã®äœ¿ãæ¹ïŒP.A.S.S.ïŒ
- Pull (æã) ãã³ãïŒããã«ããæäœã¬ããŒã®ããã¯ãè§£é€ãããæ¶ç«åšãåŽå°ã§ããŸãã
- Aim (çã) ç«ã®æ ¹å ãïŒããºã«ãçã®æºã«åããŸãã
- Squeeze (æ¡ã) ã¬ããŒãïŒããã«ããæ¶ç«å€ãæŸåºãããŸãã
- Sweep (æã) å·Šå³ã«ïŒããºã«ãæãããã«åãããŠãç«çœãšãªã¢å šäœãèŠããŸãã
ç«ããå®å šãªè·é¢ãä¿ã¡ãåžžã«é¿é£çµè·¯ã確ä¿ããŠããããšãå¿ããªãã§ãã ãããç«ã倧ããããããæ¥éã«åºãã£ãŠããå Žåã¯ãçŽã¡ã«ãã®å Žãé¿é£ããæ¶é²çœ²ã«é£çµ¡ããŠãã ããã
æ¶é²çœ²ã𿿥ãµãŒãã¹ã®åœ¹å²
æ¶é²çœ²ã𿿥ãµãŒãã¹ã¯ãç«çœå®å šãšç·æ¥å¯Ÿå¿ã«ãããŠéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããŸãã圌ãã¯ä»¥äžã®è²¬ä»»ãè² ã£ãŠããŸãïŒ
- æ¶ç«æŽ»åïŒç«çœãæ¶ãæ¢ããå»¶çŒãé²ãã
- ææ¥å»çãµãŒãã¹ïŒç«çœã®ç ç²è ã«å»çæŽå©ãæäŸããã
- æå©æŽ»åïŒçããŠãã建ç©ããã®ä»ã®ç·æ¥äºæ ã§éã蟌ããããå人ãæåºããã
- ç«çœäºé²ïŒç«çœå®å 𿀿»ã宿œããç«çœäºé²ã«ã€ããŠäžè¬ã®äººã ãæè²ããã
- å±éºç©å¯Ÿå¿ïŒå±éºç©ãé¢äžããäºæ ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããã
ãäœãŸãã®å°åã®æ¶é²çœ²ã®ç·æ¥é£çµ¡å ãç¥ããç«çœããã®ä»ã®ç·æ¥äºæ ãéããã«å ±åããããšãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
äžçã®ç«çœå®å šåºæºãšèŠå¶
ç«çœå®å šã®åºæºãšèŠå¶ã¯åœã«ãã£ãŠç°ãªããŸããããããããã€ãã®åœéæ©é¢ãåºæºãç«çœå®å šã«é¢ããã¬ã€ãã³ã¹ããã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ãæäŸããŠããŸãããããã«ã¯ä»¥äžãå«ãŸããŸãïŒ
- åœé建ç¯åºæºïŒIBCïŒïŒå€ãã®åœã§äœ¿çšãããŠãããé²ç«ãå«ã建ç©ã®å®å šæ§ã«é¢ããã¢ãã«ã³ãŒãã
- ç±³åœé²ç«åäŒïŒNFPAïŒïŒç«çœå®å šã«é¢ããèŠå®ãåºæºãçå®ããç±³åœã®çµç¹ã
- åœéæšæºåæ©æ§ïŒISOïŒïŒç«çœå®å šãå«ãæ§ã ãªç£æ¥ã®åœéèŠæ Œãéçºã
ãäœãŸãã®ç®¡èœåºåã®ç«çœå®å šèŠå¶ãèªèããé©çšããããã¹ãŠã®èŠä»¶ãéµå®ããããšãéèŠã§ãã
çµè«
ç«çœå®å šã¯å ±æã®è²¬ä»»ã§ããç«çœå®å šã®ååãçè§£ããäºé²çã宿œããç·æ¥æå¯Ÿå¿æé ãå®è·µããããšã§ãå人ãäŒæ¥ãå°å瀟äŒã¯ç«çœé¢é£ã®äºæ ã®ãªã¹ã¯ãå€§å¹ ã«æžããããšãã§ããŸãããã®äžçå ±éã¬ã€ãã¯ãç«çœå®å šæèãä¿é²ããäžçäžã§å®å šã®æåãè²ãããã®åºç€ãæäŸããŸããåžžã«æ å ±ãå ¥æããæºåãæ ãããå®å šã確ä¿ããŠãã ããã